Unit-I : Theory of Measurement
Introduction, Performance Characteristics: static & dynamic standards, Error analysis: Sources, types and statistical analysis 3

Unit-II : Transducers
Passive transducers : Resistive, Inductive and capacitive
Active transducers : Thermoelectric, piezoelectric & photoelectric :
Bridges : Direct current and alternating current bridges, LCR bridges 7
Unit-III : Analog Meters
AC analog meters: Average, Peak and RMS responding voltmeters, sampling voltmeters.
Electronics Analog meters: Electronics analog DC and AC voltmeter and
ammeters, Electronic analog ohmmeter and multimeter 6
Unit-IV :Digital Meters
Analog to digital converter: Transfer characteristics, A/D Conversion techniques: Simple potentiometric & servo method, successive approximation, ramp type, Integrating & dual-slope intergrating method.
D/A Converter : Transfer characteristics, D/A conversion techniques Digital mode of operation, performance characteristics of D/A converters.
Display devices : Decimal, BCD and straight binary number, indicating system, numeric & alpha number display using LCD & LED, specification of digital meters: display digit & counts resolution, sensitivity , accuracy, speed & settling time etc. 10
Unit-V : Oscilloscopes & RF Measurements
Types of oscilloscopes, controls, Measurements voltage, frequency time & Phase.
High frequency measurements – RF impedancy
Probes: Types of probes, probe loading & measurement effect, probe specifications 6
Unit-VI: Signal Generators & Analyzers
Signal Generators: Sine-wave, non- sinusoidal & function generators, frequency synthesis techniques & digital signal generators.
Signal Analyzers : Distortion, wave and Network spectrum analyzers 6
Text Books :
Slectronic Instruments & Instrumentation Technology by MMS Anand, PHI Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi Ed. 2005
Electronics Instrumentation by H.S. Kalsi TMH Ed. 2004
Reference Books :
Electronics Instrumentation & Measurement Techniques by W.D. cooper & A.D. Helfrick, PHI 3rd Ed.
Electronic Measurement & Instrumentation by Oliver & Cage Mc-Graw Hill.